5 sources thermales japonaises chaudement recommandées pour cet hiver – tout sur les onsen au Japon

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L’hiver au Japon semble froid, avez-vous décidé quelles sources chaudes japonaises visiter?

Restez au chaud durant l’hiver japonais



Au Japon, les sources chaudes (ou onsen, 温泉) font partie intégrante de la culture locale. Grâce à "la ceinture de feu" du Pacifique très active, le Japon abrite de nombreux volcans actifs, et encore plus de sources chaudes naturelles, qui fournissent de l'eau chaude pour les amateurs d'onsen à travers le pays. Chacun de ces bains naturels est unique, certains ayant des propriétés curatives supposées et d'autres apparaissant de couleurs vives, et bien sûr, certains sont plus populaires que d'autres. Alors continuez à lire pour découvrir cinq régions du Japon, célèbres pour leurs sources chaudes!

1. Hyogo Prefecture – Arima Onsen & boeuf de Kobe



Les sources chaudes d'Arima (有 馬) ont longtemps été au sommet du classement national de la popularité des onsen du Japon, et pour une bonne raison, c'est l'une des trois principales «zones onsen» du Japon.

L'un des aspects les plus remarquables d'Arima Onsen sont les sources chaudes de Kinsen (金泉), littéralement «cascades dorées». Cette variété locale d'onsen est connue pour la couleur rougeâtre de l'eau, résultat naturel de la forte teneur en fer des sources chaudes. Le pourcentage inhabituellement élevé de sels de sodium dans l'eau joue également un rôle de stérilisateur naturel, et en outre, les sources chaudes de Kinsen aideraient à soulager l'inconfort des personnes souffrant d'arthrite, de dermatite atopique et autres maladies chroniques.



Si Arima a des sources dorées, il n'est vraiment pas surprenant que l'autre variété de sources chaudes de la région soit … d'argent! Appelées sources chaudes de Ginsen (銀泉), ce sont les «cascades d'argent» de la région. Les onsen Ginsen contiennent plus de dioxyde de carbone, ce qui, selon eux, contribue à augmenter le flux sanguin.



Bien qu'Arima Onsen soit bien connu au Japon, les gens de l'extérieur du pays pourraient être plus susceptibles de reconnaître l'une des principales exportations alimentaires de la région: le bœuf de Kobe. Incroyablement succulente et indéniablement de haute qualité, ne manquez pas cette délicatesse locale pendant que vous êtes à Kobe! (Bien qu'il y ait aussi beaucoup d'endroits autour de Tokyo pour essayer certains des meilleurs bœufs du Japon.)

2. Gifu – Gero Onsen & le marché matinal de Ideyu



Gero Onsen (下 呂 温泉) est une autre des sources chaudes les plus célèbres du Japon, située dans la préfecture centrale du Japon de Gifu. L'eau de ces sources chaudes a tendance à être plus alcaline, ce qui laisse votre peau douce et soyeuse après un plongeon dans le bain. La région dispose également d'un certain nombre de bains publics en plein air gratuits pour tous.



Comme Gero Onsen est à environ une heure et demie de la grande ville de Nagoya, de nombreuses personnes s'arrêtent au château de Nagoya ou à d'autres attractions de la ville avant de prendre le train pour les sources chaudes de Gero.



Gero Onsen abrite également des marchés matinaux populaires appelés Ideyu Asaichi (い で ゆ 朝 市), qui se formaient à l'origine comme un marché permettant aux habitants d'échanger des produits cultivés sur place, mais qui est devenu une destination pour les voyageurs de la région.



Si vous avez regardé beaucoup d'anime, vous savez peut-être que boire du lait juste après un bain est en fait une pratique courante pour de nombreuses personnes au Japon. Il n'est donc pas rare que les sources chaudes et les bains publics vendent du lait, souvent dans de petites bouteilles en verre. En plus de votre lait de vache standard, vous pouvez trouver du lait dans une variété de saveurs, comme le café ou aux fruits.

3. Gunma Prefecture – Kusatsu Onsen & le Yubatake



La dernière des trois grandes zones onsen du Japon est Kusatsu (草津), dans la préfecture de Gunma. Grâce à des siècles d'histoire de sources chaudes, Kusatsu a ses propres lieux de visites et traditions onsen. L'un des points principal est le célèbre yubatake (湯畑), littéralement «champ d'eau chaude», un point de repère local où l'eau bouillante onsen jaillit et se refroidit, pour atteindre des températures plus supportables.



Avec autant d'eau chaude, ils ont également une installation pour yumomi (湯 も み), littéralement "de l'eau chaude remuante". Il s'agit d'une autre tradition destinée à refroidir l'eau de Kusatsu Onsen, qui peut sortir du sol à des températures atteignant 90 ° C (194 ° F), beaucoup trop chaude pour s'y baigner. L'eau de source chaude est collectée dans la baignoire, puis battu et aéré avec des planches de bois, un événement particulièrement apprécié des touristes.



Les tatouages sont généralement interdit dans les sources chaudes et les bains publics japonais, et il existe encore des installations qui rejetteront les clients tatoués. Heureusement, Kusatsu Onsen dispose d'un certain nombre de bains qui accueillent les clients tatoués, comme celui-ci ici à l'hôtel Takamatsu.

Oita Prefecture – Yufuin, Beppu, Hells & Sekisaba



Les onsen d'Oita ne font peut-être pas partie du top 3 du Japon, mais ils sont toujours connus dans tout le pays. Si vous envisagez de visiter l'île de Kyushu, ne manquez pas l'occasion de vous arrêter et de profiter de la vue sur les célèbres villes thermales d'Oita, Beppu (別 府) et Yufuin (湯 布 院).



Image Source: Saigakukan Official Website
 

Yufuin est charmant et pittoresque, et, en plus d'une ou deux destinations touristiques, il regorge principalement d'auberges traditionnelles de ryokan japonais. Non seulement chaque ryokan possède ses propres bains thermaux uniques, mais les ryokans se spécialisent dans les plats traditionnels élaborés à plusieurs plats, et à Yufuin, cela signifie beaucoup de légumes frais et de fruits de mer locaux.

Beppu, non loin de Yufuin, possède ses propres bains onsen populaires disséminés dans toute la ville. Mais il offre également une manière différente de profiter des sources chaudes! Les voyageurs passant par Beppu se dirigent inévitablement vers le Beppu Jigoku Meguri (別 府 地獄 め ぐ り), littéralement le «Tour des enfers de Beppu». Les "enfers" sont des sources chaudes dans lesquelles vous ne vous baignez pas, mais que vous regardez. Des eaux bleues et rouges vibrantes aux piscines joliment bouillonnantes de boue chauffée par géothermie et même aux crocodiles nageant dans l'eau fumante, chacun des nombreux enfers a son propre charme.



Si vous envisagez de découvrir les fruits de mer locaux servis dans les restaurants et ryokan d'Oita, l'une des spécialités locales de la région est le sekisaba et le sekiaji (関 サ バ, 関 ア ジ), deux types de maquereaux que l'on trouve uniquement dans les eaux au large de la côte d'Oita. Allez-y pendant la saison du maquereau, et vous serez enchanté par la texture et la saveur sucrée du poisson.

5. Yamagata – Ginzan Onsen & paysages de Ghibli



Enfin, Ginzan Onsen est particulièrement apprécié pour son atmosphère unique à l'ancienne. Beaucoup de bâtiments ressemblent encore à ce qu'ils étaient à l'époque Taisho (1912-1926), la même époque utilisée comme décor pour le populaire anime Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba. La décoration détaillée des façades des bains publics et les ponts élégants qui s'étendent sur l'eau donnent à Ginzan Onsen un sentiment rétro nostalgique, et beaucoup de gens pensent même que la région est devenue la base de la ville des bains publics dans le film de renommée internationale Le Voyage de Chihiro!



Pour profiter au maximum de l'automne et de l'hiver à Yamagata, n'oubliez pas de vous arrêter à Tendo pour des vues magnifiques comme celle-ci (et pour en savoir plus sur l'histoire du shogi, les échecs japonais)!

Cinq régions différentes avec des centaines de bains thermaux ― tant d'onsen, et si peu de temps! Vous avez un onsen japonais préféré qui n'a pas fait partie de notre top cinq? Ou une question sur la visite des sources chaudes au Japon? Faites-nous savoir sur twitter, instagram, et facebook, et suivez-nous pour plus d'informations et autres news sur le Japon.

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A Tokyo Winter Must-See: Tokyo Mega Illumination

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Hours: 16:30 – 21:00 (final admission 20:00)
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      Hokkaido (北海道) is the northernmost island in the four main islands that make up Japan. Famous for Sapporo Beer, NIKKA WHISKY, and the winter festival "Yuki Matsuri" in Sapporo, Hokkaido is also known for their beautiful national parks. Potatoes, cantaloupe, dairy products, "Genghis Khan", soup curry, and miso ramen are their known famous foods!

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      Sapporo, in the south-western part of Hokkaido, is the prefecture's political and economic capital. The local New Chitose Airport see arrivals from major cities like Tokyo and Osaka, alongside international flights. Every February, the Sapporo Snow Festival is held in Odori Park―one of the biggest events in Hokkaido. It's also a hotspot for great food, known as a culinary treasure chest, and Sapporo is a destination for ramen, grilled mutton, soup curry, and of course Hokkaido's beloved seafood.

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      Fukushima Prefecture sits at the southern tip of Japan's northern Tohoku region, and is divided into three parts with their own different charms: the Coastal Area (Hama-dori), the Central Area (Naka-dori), and the Aizu Area. There's Aizu-Wakamatsu with its Edo-era history and medieval castles, Oze National Park, Kitakata ramen, and Bandai Ski Resort (with its famous powder snow). Fukushima is a beautiful place to enjoy the vivid colors and sightseeing of Japan's beloved four seasons.

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      Yamagata Prefecture is up against the Sea of Japan, in the southern part of the Tohoku region, and it's especially popular in winter, when travelers soak in the onsen (hot springs) and ski down snowy slopes. International skiiers are especially fond of Zao Onsen Ski Resort and Gassan Ski Resort, and in recent years visitors have been drawn to the area to see the mystical sight of local frost-covered trees. Some destinations are popular regardless of the season, like Risshakuji Temple, AKA Yamadera, Ginzan Onsen's nostalgic old-fashioned streets, and Zao's Okama Lake, all great for taking pictures. Yamagata is also the place to try Yonezawa beef, one of the top 3 varieties of wagyu beef.

    • Being the most densely populated area, the Kanto region (関東地方) includes the Greater Tokyo Area and 7 prefectures: Gunma, Tochigi, Ibaraki, Saitama, Tokyo, Chiba, and Kanagawa. It is considered to be the cultural, political, economic heartland of Japan due to each prefecture offering something different from their neighbor.

    • Gunma Prefecture is easily accessible from Tokyo, and in addition to the area's popular natural attractions like Oze Marshland and Fukiware Falls, Gunma also has a number of popular hot springs (Kusatsu, Ikaho, Minakami, Shima)―it's even called an Onsen Kingdom. The prefecture is popular with history buffs and train lovers, thanks to spots like world heritage site Tomioka Silk Mill, the historic Megane-bashi Bridge, and the Watarase Keikoku Sightseeing Railway.

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      Tochigi Prefecture's capital is Utsunomiya, known for famous gyoza, and just an hour from Tokyo. The prefecture is full of nature-related sightseeing opportunities year-round, from the blooming of spring flowers to color fall foliage. Tochigi also has plenty of extremely well-known sightseeing destinations, like World Heritage Site Nikko Toshogu Shrine, Lake Chuzenji, and Ashikaga Flower Park―famous for expansive wisteria trellises. In recent years the mountain resort town of Nasu has also become a popular excursion, thanks in part to the local imperial villa. Tochigi is a beautiful place to enjoy the world around you.

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    • The Chubu region (中部地方) is located in the center of Japan's main island and consists of 9 prefectures: Aichi, Fukui, Gifu, Ishikawa, Nagano, Niigata, Shizuoka, Toyama, and Yamanashi. Being primarily famous for its mountains like Mount Fuji and the Japanese Alps, and ski resorts in Niigata and Nagano, it is a popular winter destination for tourists.

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      Shizuoka Prefecture is sandwiched between eastern and western Japan, giving the prefecture easy access to both Tokyo and Osaka. Not only is it known for beautiful natural attractions, with everything from Mount Fuji to Suruga Bay, Lake Hamanako, and Sumata Pass―Shizuoka's Izu Peninsula is known as a go-to spot for hot springs lovers, with famous onsen like Atami, Ito, Shimoda, Shuzenji, and Dogashima. Shizuoka attracts all kinds of travelers thanks to historic connections with the Tokugawa clan, the Oigawa Railway, fresh eel cuisine, Hamamatsu gyoza, and famously high-quality green tea.

    • Kansai (関西地方) is a region that includes Mie, Nara, Wakayama, Kyoto, Osaka, Hyogo and Shiga prefectures. Gradually becoming one of the most popular areas of Japan, Kyoto's temples and shrines, Osaka Castle, and feeding the deer in Kobe are considered a must. Many say the people in Kansai are more open and friendly, making it a fun place to hang out at night.

    • Kyoto flourished as the capital of Japan between the years 794 and 1100, becoming a center for poilitics and culture, and to this day it's a great place for close encounters with Japanese history. The cobbled streets of Gion, the atmospheric road to Kiyomizudera Temple, Kinkakuji's golden walls and countless historic attractions, even Arashiyama's Togetsukyo Bridge―Kyoto is a place of many attractions. With new charms to experience throughout the seasons, travelers can't stop themselves from returning again and again.

    • Osaka is known for friendly (and funny) people, but its history is nothing to laugh at, playing a major part in Toyotomi Hideyoshi's 16th century unification of Japan. Thanks to long years of economic activity, it's one of Japan's biggest cities, and Osaka's popular food culture earned it the nickname "The Kitchen of the Nation." To this day Osaka is the model of western Japan, and alongside historic structures like Osaka Castle, it also has major shopping malls like Umeda's Grand Front Osaka and Tennoji's Abeno Harukas. Osaka is a place to eat, eat, eat, with local specialties like takoyaki, okonomiyaki, and kushi-katsu, and for extra fun, it's home to Universal Studios Japan.

    • CHUGOKU

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      The Chugoku Region (中国地方) consists of five prefectures: Hiroshima, Okayama, Shimane, Tottori, and Yamaguchi. In Chugoku you’ll find the sand dunes of Tottori, and Hiroshima’s atomic bomb site, plus centers of ancient history like Grand Shrine of Izumo.

    • SHIKOKU

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      On the other side of the Seto Inland Sea opposite Japan’s main island, Shikoku (四国) is a region made up of four prefectures: Ehime, Kagawa, Kochi, and Tokushima. The area is famous for its udon (in Kagawa), and the beautiful Dogo Onsen hot springs (in Ehime).

    • Kagawa Prefecture is on the northern part of the island of Shikoku, facing Japan's main island and the Seto Inland Sea. It's known for being the smallest prefecture in Japan, by area, but at the same time Kagawa is called the "Udon Prefecture" thanks to its famous sanuki udon. Aside from Kotohiragu Shrine and Ritsurin Garden, the prefecture's small islands are popular, and Kagawa is full of unique destinations, like Angel Road. They say that if you lay eyes on Zenigata Sunae, a huge Kagawa sand painting, you'll never have money troubles ever again.

    • Located in the most southwestern part of Japan, Kyushu (九州) has 7 prefectures: Fukuoka, Saga, Nagasaki, Kumamoto, Oita, Miyazaki and Kagoshima. Famous for its unique culture and history of Chinese and Dutch trade and Western missionaries, Kyushu offers many historic treasures and beauties. It is also home to some of Japan's most famous natural hot springs due to all the volcanos.

    • FUKUOKA

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      Fukuoka Prefecture has the highest population on the southern island of Kyushu, with two major cities: Fukuoka and Kitakyushu. Thanks to growing transportation networks, Fukuoka is more accessible than ever, and so are the many local attractions. On top of historical spots like Dazaifu Tenmangu Shrine, travelers shouldn't miss Fukuoka's food scene, with motsu nabe (offal hotpot), mentaiko (spicy cod roe), and famous Hakata ramen―best eaten from a food stall in the Nakasu area of Hakata. Plus, it's full of all sorts of destinations for travelers, like trendy shopping centers, and the beautiful nature of Itoshima and Yanagawa.

    • KAGOSHIMA

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      Kagoshima Prefecture played a major role in Japan's modernization as a backdrop for famous historical figures like samurais Saigo Takamori and Okubo Toshimichi, who pushed Japan out of the Edo era and into the Meiji. Because of that, Sengan-en Garden is just one of many historical destinations, and when it comes to attractions Kagoshima has plenty: the active volcano of Sakurajima, popular hot springs Ibusuki Onsen and Kirishima Onsen, World Heritage Site Yakushima Island, even what Japan calls the "island closest to heaven," Amami Oshima. Kagoshima might be found on the very southernmost tip of the southern island of Kyushu, but there's plenty to see.

    • OKINAWA

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      The island chain of Okinawa (沖縄) makes up the southernmost tip of Japan, which is why it's also the most tropical area in the country. Thanks to a history of independence and totally distinct political and cultural events, Okinawa has a unique culture, and remnants of the Ryukyu Kingdom are still visible all over the islands. Food, language, traditional dress, it's all a little different! It's also said to be the birthplace of karate.

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